The three-dimensional distribution of astronomical objects observed
in redshift space significantly differs from the true distribution,
since the distance to each object cannot be determined by its redshift
only. In addition, all cosmological observations are carried out on
a light-cone, the null hypersurface of an observer at z=0. This
implies that their intrinsic properties and clustering statistics
should change even within the survey volume. Therefore, a proper
comparison taking account of the light-cone effect is important to extract
any cosmological information from redshift catalogues. I describe a
basic theoretical framework to take account of the above two effects,
which should be particularly important in the analysis of the SDSS
quasar and luminous red galaxy samples.
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